The Ultimate Guide to Owning an Arowana: Care, Feeding, and Beyond

Welcome to the fascinating world of Arowanas! Known for their sleek, silver bodies and majestic appearance, these fish are not only stunning to look at but also hold significant cultural value in some parts of the world. If you’re considering adding an Arowana to your aquarium, this guide will provide all the information you need to ensure your fish thrives in its new home.

Setting Up the Ideal Tank Environment

Arowanas require a spacious tank to thrive. They are active swimmers and need ample space to move around. For a single adult Arowana, a minimum tank size of 300 gallons is recommended, with dimensions of at least 7 feet long, 2 feet wide, and 2 feet deep. The tank should be tall enough to allow the fish to swim vertically as well as horizontally. Ensure the tank has a secure lid, as Arowanas are known to jump out of their tanks if given the chance.

Substrate choice is important. Gravel or sand can be used, but avoid sharp-edged substrates that could harm the fish. Decorations like driftwood and rocks can add visual interest and provide hiding spots, but make sure they don’t overcrowd the swimming space. Live plants can also be included, though be cautious with species that may be uprooted by the fish’s active behavior.

Water Parameters Crucial for Their Health

Maintaining the right water conditions is vital for the health of your Arowana. The temperature should be kept between 78°F and 84°F (25°C – 29°C). pH levels should range from 6.5 to 7.5, and hardness should be between 5° and 15° dGH. Regular testing of these parameters using appropriate test kits is essential. Ammonia and nitrite levels should always be zero, while nitrate levels should be kept below 20 ppm.

Water changes are necessary to maintain these parameters. Aim for weekly water changes of about 20% to 30%, ensuring the replacement water matches the tank’s existing conditions as closely as possible.

Filtration Systems

Efficient filtration is key to keeping the tank environment clean and healthy. Choose a filtration system that provides both mechanical and biological filtration. Canister filters or sump systems are highly recommended due to their ability to handle large volumes of water and provide adequate flow without creating excessive turbulence. Consider installing additional powerheads to enhance water circulation and oxygenation.

Regular cleaning of the filter media and occasional maintenance checks are necessary to keep the filtration system functioning optimally.

Dietary Requirements

Arowanas are carnivorous and require a diet rich in protein. In the wild, they feed on insects, small fish, and crustaceans. In captivity, you can offer them live or frozen foods such as feeder fish, earthworms, and bloodworms. Commercially prepared foods like pellets and sticks designed for predatory fish can also be part of their diet, providing balanced nutrition.

Feeding should be done once or twice daily, offering as much food as the fish can consume in about five minutes. Overfeeding can lead to poor water quality and health issues. It’s important to vary the diet to ensure a good nutritional balance.

Common Health Issues, Signs of Illness, and Preventive Measures

Like any pet, Arowanas can fall ill. Common ailments include bacterial infections, parasitic infestations, and swim bladder disorders. Signs of illness include lethargy, loss of appetite, discolored scales, and unusual swimming behavior. Regular observation of your fish’s behavior and physical condition can help catch problems early.

To prevent illness, maintain optimal water quality, quarantine new fish before introducing them to the main tank, and practice good hygiene when handling the tank and equipment. Quarantine tanks should be set up specifically for this purpose, equipped with the same filtration and water parameters as the main tank.

Tips on Handling and Maintaining These Fish

Handling Arowanas should be done with care. Use a soft net or a holding device specifically designed for large fish. Always support the fish’s body when moving it, avoiding any squeezing or rough handling.

Regular maintenance routines for the tank include checking water parameters, performing water changes, and cleaning the decorations and substrate. Inspect the filter and other equipment regularly to ensure they are functioning properly.

Behavioral Patterns and Interaction Within the Aquarium

Arowanas are territorial and can be aggressive towards other fish, especially those of similar size or shape. They prefer to be solitary in their tank, but if you wish to introduce companions, choose species that are significantly smaller and less aggressive. Arowanas are primarily surface-oriented, often seen near the top of the tank, and are known for their jumping behavior.

Understanding and respecting their natural behaviors will help you create a harmonious and thriving environment for your Arowana. With proper care and attention, your Arowana can become a beautiful and rewarding addition to your aquarium.